#PunktZwrotny
2050
PLENIT

Myopia can not only be corrected. You can try to slow down its progression.

There is no single method that is suitable for every child. The strategies differ in their mechanism, benefit profile, limitations and risks.

Editorial #PunktZwrotny2050 Sources checked: 09.09.2026 How to read this data

The decision should not start with the product.
It should start with the child.

Measurement, rate of change, tolerance and the everyday life of the family give meaning to the conversation about intervention. Below is a map of research methods and history - minus the podium.

Németh · 2021B · 2024Bullimore · 2025
Atropine Pharmacological control of progression Myopia control glasses Optical design matters Soft contact lenses Separate evidence for specific designs Orthokeratology Night lens, day correction RLRL - repeated red light therapy A growing body of research. Parameters still matter. Combination therapies Each combination requires its own evidence Environment and time outdoors Onset prevention is a separate question

Knowledge did not
arise at one point in time.

The oldest verified record for this axis is from 1971. This is the limit of the current registry, not a declaration of precedence in the entire history of medicine. Click on a study to check authors, DOI, and limitations.

24 registry events

  1. Early research on atropine

    Bedrossian's record from 1971 documents the early stage of research on atropine in myopia.

    Open test
    Historical studyUSA

    Verified metadata; no abstract in the register. We do not attribute the numerical effect or the contemporary standard of RCT. This is the oldest verified record for this version of the axis, not a claim of the first ever study.

  2. ATOM: atropine versus placebo

    ATOM showed slower refractive progression and ocular axis increase with atropine 1% than with placebo.

    Open test
    RCTSingapore

    One randomly selected eye was treated; Asian population. We do not transfer the effects and effectiveness of this concentration directly to low concentrations.

  3. ATOM2: various concentrations

    ATOM2 compared the atropine concentrations of 0,5%, 0,1% and 0,01%; lower concentrations had a milder visual symptom profile.

    Open test
    RCTSingapore

    No parallel placebo arm. The historical placebo with ATOM1 is not an equivalent random comparator.

  4. ROMIO: axis control in orthokeratology

    In ROMIO, the average axis gain was 0,36 mm in orthokeratology and 0,63 mm in the single vision group over 2 years.

    Open test
    RCTHong Kong

    78 children completed the study; unblinded users. Five people discontinued orthokeratology due to adverse events.

  5. Outdoor Time: School RCTs

    Additional 40 minutes of outdoor activity on school days was associated with lower incidence in an RCT: 30,4% vs. 39,5% over 3 years.

    Open test
    RCT clusterChina

    The primary outcome concerns the onset of myopia in children without it at baseline. It is not a measure of stopping existing progression.

  6. LAMP: concentration dependent response

    In LAMP, atropine 0,05% provided greater control of refraction and axis extension than 0,025% and 0,01% in the first year of the study.

    Open test
    RCTHong Kong

    The response was concentration dependent; this result does not establish the optimal dose for each child.

  7. MiSight: a three-year RCT

    The three-year MiSight RCT showed slower refractive error and ocular axis growth with daily disposable dual-focus lenses tested.

    Open test
    RCTGlobal

    Examination of a specific lens; 109 of 144 participants are three years old. It is not proof for every soft lens.

  8. DIMS: RCT online publication

    In the DIMS RCT, the average axis extension over the 2 years was 0,21 mm compared to 0,55 mm with single vision lenses.

    Open test
    RCTHong Kong

    Study of the specific design of DIMS ; 160 children completed follow-up. Online 2019, volume of 2020 magazine. It does not prove that all defocus glasses work.

  9. BLINK: construction and addition

    In BLINK, soft lenses with high addition + 2,50 D inhibited progression more strongly than the tested single vision and medium addition lenses.

    Open test
    RCTUSA

    The result relates to the tested structure and addition; is not a comparison to the MiSight disposable lens.

  10. HAL: aspherical microlenses

    Testing of spectacle lenses with aspherical microlenses showed inhibition of progression for the HAL design compared to single vision lenses.

    Open test
    RCTChina

    Product and design-dependent result; is not a direct comparison of HAL with DIMS.

  11. RLRL: multicenter RCT

    In the multicenter RCT RLRL, the mean adjusted axis gain at 1 year was 0,13 mm versus 0,38 mm in the control group.

    Open test
    RCTChina

    No sham; annual observation, Chinese population. We do not transfer the result to any red light lamps.

  12. RLRL : follow-up after completion

    Follow-up of RLRL showed maintenance of the effect in those continuing and rebound in some people after discontinuation.

    Open test
    Follow-up after RCTChina

    Second year without re-randomization; only 11 children continued RLRL, 114 with 199 eligible were analyzed. It does not establish verified tapering.

  13. Retinal safety signal

    Bilateral visual impairment and retinal changes have been reported following the use of RLRL; improvement was observed after exposure was discontinued.

    Open test
    Case descriptionChina

    The case report is a safety signal, not an indicator of incidence or evidence that all devices have the same risk profile.

  14. PEDIG: 0,01% negative

    In the American PEDIG RCT, atropine 0,01% did not slow progression or axis prolongation relative to placebo.

    Open test
    RCTUSA

    The result relates to the tested concentration, preparation and population. It does not disprove the effects of all concentrations of atropine.

  15. RLRL Security Overview

    The RLRL safety review included 20 research; 1436 participants received therapy. No permanent vision loss was reported in the analyzed corpus.

    Open test
    Systematic review Global

    Median follow-up 9 months, maximum 24. Two descriptions referred to the same patient. The absence of an observed event does not prove zero risk.

  16. DIMS + RLRL: observation

    In a retrospective analysis, DIMS + RLRL was associated with greater axis control than either method alone.

    Open test
    Observational studyChina

    Lack of randomization, unequal groups and no monofocal lens group. It does not establish a standard or ranking of all methods.

  17. Cochrane: unequal certainty of evidence

    Cochrane 2025 indicates that pharmacological and optical interventions may reduce progression, but the certainty of results and long-term data are mixed.

    Open test
    Systematic review Global

    Last query 19.02.2024 . Does not include all tests with 2025–2026 ; poorly connected networks do not justify simple product ranking.

  18. IMI: intervention update

    IMI 2025 organizes optical, pharmacological, environmental and lighting strategies and the state of research on their effects.

    Open test
    Review/Consensus Global

    Mature technologies and emerging methods have a different evidence base. The inspection is not an individual clinical eligibility assessment of the child.

  19. Australia: pilot outside China

    The Australian pilot RCT showed less axis gain in the RLRL group; extends data beyond Chinese populations.

    Open test
    Pilot RCT Australia

    34 children, three withdrawals in the RLRL group, including one due to headache. It does not confirm equal effectiveness in all populations.

  20. Spain: RLRL + orthokeratology

    A Spanish RCT showed greater axis control when RLRL was added to orthokeratology than with orthokeratology alone.

    Open test
    RCTSpain

    Small, single-center and unblinded trial. This is a combination treatment study, not a European monotherapy RCT RLRL .

  21. RLRL: three years of real-world data

    The real-world study includes groups with varying durations of RLRL use, including 91 participants treated with 3 for at least one year.

    Open test
    Observational studyChina

    These are groups by length of treatment, not a three-year RCT. Possible selection of continuators. Median in the longest group 3,65 of the year.

  22. RLRL: record of observations for 5 years

    The 2026 publication by Zhang et al. describes multicenter real-world data with follow-up dating back to 5 years.

    Open test
    Observational studyChina

    DOI, authors and publication type were verified. Follow-up for 5 years does not mean that each participant was followed for 5 years; this is not a five-year RCT.

  23. Volleyball in AOSLO

    The AOSLO study showed no significant loss of cone density or differences in microcirculatory parameters tested after at least 8 months of RLRL.

    Open test
    Cross-sectional studyChina

    66 eyes, of which 20 in the RLRL group; the unit is the eye, not the number of patients. Cross-sectional examination does not exclude rare or distant lesions.

  24. Atropine + orthokeratology: RCT synthesis

    A meta-analysis of RCTs showed additional inhibition of axis extension for low atropine with orthokeratology compared to orthokeratology alone.

    Open test
    Meta-analysis RCTGlobal

    Differences in observation times and protocols; collective benefit does not imply indication for every combination.

10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.05.06210.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-31373910.1001/jama.2020.1083410.1016/j.ophtha.2021.11.02310.1167/iovs.66.12.3910.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105473

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